Published 2023-12-27
Keywords
- Premature atherosclerosis,
- early atheromatous disease,
- systemic lupus erythematosus,
- inflammation,
- rheumatoid arthritis
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Copyright (c) 2023 Reumatología al Día
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Abstract
Introduction: The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increased in patients with autoimmune diseases. The purpose is to examine the main data on cardiovascular risk factors in autoimmune conditions, their pathophysiology, and the recommended approaches for this group of patients.
Materials and methods: a qualitative systematic review was conducted , through a search of the literature from 2015 onwards, in EMBASE, Cochrane, PubMed, LILACs and Google Scholar search engines r to find articles with keywords, including literature reviews, cohort studies, controlled clinical trials and systematic reviews.
Results: In total for this review, 54 studies were entered: 23 narrative reviews, 1 systematic review, 9 literature reviews, 8 cohort studies, 4 meta-analyses, 4 cases and controls, 1 case report, 4 recommendation documents. 19 of the 80 identified autoimmune diseases are associated with increased risk of CVD, due to endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and other factors The management includes preventive screening and early treatment . The future use of biomarkers and artificial intelligence could personalize the treatment of these patients. More epidemiological studies are being carried out in Latin America to understand the frequency of cardiovascular disorders in autoimmune patients.
Conclusions: The increased CVD risk of autoimmune patients depends on the pathology as well as the treatments. An approach that includes, in addition to the traditional risk factors, others such as genomics and biomarkers may be an alternative that